1、 Calculation factors for unit price of circuit board
The unit price of circuit boards is not fixed, but is influenced by various factors, including the following:
1. Material cost
The main materials for circuit boards include substrates (such as FR4, CEM-1, aluminum substrates, etc.), copper foil, and solder mask ink. The cost and performance differences of different materials can lead to fluctuations in the price of circuit boards.
2. Process complexity
The production process of circuit boards includes multiple steps such as cutting, drilling, copper sinking, circuit fabrication, solder mask, text and solder mask, electroplating, and tin spraying. The complexity of the process directly affects the manufacturing cost, which in turn affects the unit price.
3. Number of layers and thickness of the board
Multilayer circuit boards are more complex and therefore more expensive than single-layer or double-layer circuit boards. Meanwhile, the thickness of the plate also affects the price, as thick plates typically require more materials and more complex processes.
4. Size and shape
Large or irregular circuit boards require more raw materials and may also increase production difficulty, thereby affecting prices.
5. Batch production
Large scale production usually reduces unit costs, while small-scale or customized production may lead to an increase in unit prices.
6. Design complexity
The more complex the circuit design, such as high-density wiring, fine spacing, etc., the higher the manufacturing cost.
7. Surface treatment technology
Different surface treatment techniques such as hot air leveling (HASL), chemical nickel gold (ENIG), and hard gold electroplating have varying costs and effects.
8. Other special requirements
Special requirements such as impedance control and blind buried holes can also increase the production cost of circuit boards.
2、 General range of PCB prices
Due to various factors mentioned above, there are significant differences in the price of circuit boards. The following are approximate price ranges for some common types of circuit boards (for reference only):
1. Single layer circuit board
Usually used for simple electronic devices, with relatively low prices. Generally speaking, the price of single-layer circuit boards may range from tens to hundreds of yuan per square meter.
2. Double layer and multi-layer circuit boards
As the number of layers increases, the price will also rise accordingly. The price of double-layer circuit boards may be 1.5 to 2 times that of single-layer boards, while the price of multi-layer boards (4, 6 or more layers) will be higher.
3. Special materials and processes
If high-performance materials or special processes are used (such as metal based circuit boards, high-frequency boards, buried blind holes, etc.), the price will be significantly higher than that of ordinary circuit boards.
4. Customized circuit board
For circuit boards that require customized design, small batch production, or special requirements, the price is usually higher because it involves more research and development costs, mold costs, and manufacturing costs.
3、 How to obtain a more accurate quotation
In order to obtain a more accurate quotation for circuit boards, procurement personnel can take the following measures:
1. Clarify requirements
Before inquiring, clarify the specifications, materials, layers, dimensions, processes, and other requirements of the required circuit board.
2. Multiple price comparisons
Inquire with multiple circuit board suppliers to compare prices and services.
3. Provide detailed information
Provide detailed circuit board design drawings, technical requirements, and production quantities to suppliers for more accurate pricing.
4. Understand the market situation
Pay attention to market trends and understand the impact of factors such as raw material prices and exchange rates on circuit board prices.
5. Establish long-term cooperative relationships
Establishing long-term stable cooperative relationships with suppliers can help obtain more favorable prices and better services.
As an indispensable part of electronic devices, the price of circuit boards is influenced by various factors. For procurement personnel, understanding these factors and learning how to obtain accurate quotations is crucial. By clarifying requirements, comparing prices with multiple suppliers, providing detailed information, understanding market trends, and establishing long-term cooperative relationships, costs can be effectively controlled and wise procurement decisions can be made.